And even if there is malware involved, it’s almost certainly not a virus.

The word virus refers to a very specific way that malware spreads from one PC to another. A computer virus infects an executable file, like a program, the way a biological virus infects a cell. When it gets the chance, it infects another file, and thus spreads.

Or perhaps I should say used to spread. Over the last few years, rogue programmers have found better ways to infect your computer, more suited for the Internet and email age. For instance, Trojans–programs that trick you into opening them, and infect your computer when you do–are quite popular among the tech-savvy criminal set.

Yet the word virus stays around. Why?

Because viruses were the most prominent form of malware when large numbers of people finally figured out that this was something to worry about. Everyone was talking about viruses in the 1990′s. One of them destroyed an evil corporation in seconds, and another saved the world from alien invasion. (And no, I’m not going to tell you what movies I’m talking about; that would be spoiling.)

Thus, to the uninformed, the word virus came to mean any malicious computer program. It’s like using the name Frankenstein to refer to the monster rather than the monster maker.

So check yourself before you tell someone your computer has a virus. You’re probably admitting your own ignorance.

Lincoln Spector, PCWorld

(Why did I just put the word viruses in quotation marks? Anything that infects your PC today is almost certainly not, technically, a virus. But the word has become a common term for any malicious software, whether it spreads like a virus or not. See Is It a Virus? for details.)

What are some of the signs that you may have an infection?

* Your home page keeps changing, or web searches keep taking you to the wrong page.

* Software that should protect you, like your anti-virus program, can’t update or no longer works properly.

* Common programs you can use to configure your system, such as msconfig or System Restore, stop working.

* Your computer accesses the Internet a lot when you’re not using the Internet.

* Your security software tells you that you have an infection, but can’t get rid of it.

If you think you have an infection, try the following four fixes, in this order. And use them all, even if the second one solves the problem.

1) Accept that your anti-virus program has failed. Don’t be too hard on it; you just had the misfortune to get the malware before the update that would have protected you from it. But until everything else is fixed, your current software probably isn’t working.

2) Restore the system. Select Start, All Programs, Accessories, System Tools, System Restore. Follow the prompts to restore from a time before you starting having the problem. If you don’t have a restore point that old, go on to step 2. If System Restore fails to work, reboot into Safe Mode (reboot, then press F8 before Windows starts loading (it may take a few tries to get the timing right) and try System Restore there.

3) Get a second opinion from another security program. I recommend the free version of either SUPERAntiSpyware or Malwarebytes’ Anti-Malware. Download the program, install it, and have it scan your hard drive and eliminate what it finds.

4) Get a third opinion. Repeat with the other of those two programs.

If you’re not satisfied that you’re now clean, download and install another free program: Trend Micro’s HijackThis. This one doesn’t actually fix anything, but it gives you a very thorough, and for most people, thoroughly unreadable report. But someone who knows what they’re doing can study this report and figure out what your problem is and what you can do about it.

Lincoln Spector, PCWorld

Spyware is often associated with software that displays advertisements (called adware) or software that tracks personal or sensitive information.

Trading tracking for services

That does not mean all software that provides ads or tracks your online activities is bad. For example, you might sign up for a free music service, but you “pay” for the service by agreeing to receive targeted ads. If you understand the terms and agree to them, you may have decided that it is a fair tradeoff. You might also agree to let the company track your online activities to determine which ads to show you.

What spyware does

Other kinds of spyware make changes to your computer that can be annoying and can cause your computer slow down or crash.

These programs can change your Web browser’s home page or search page, or add additional components to your browser you don’t need or want. They also make it very difficult for you to change your settings back to the way you had them.

Know what you’re installing

The key in all cases is whether or not you (or someone who uses your computer) understand what the software will do and have agreed to install the software on your computer.

A common trick is to covertly install the software during the installation of other software you want such as a music or video file sharing program.

Whenever you install something on your computer, make sure you carefully read all disclosures, including the license agreement and privacy statement. Sometimes the inclusion of unwanted software in a given software installation is documented, but it might appear at the end of a license agreement or privacy statement.

There are a number of ways spyware or other unwanted software can get on your computer. To learn more about spyware, read How to help prevent spyware.

Microsoft

Core i7-975 ExtremeSpecs: Socket LGA-1366; Core clock: 3.33GHz; 32KB data/instruction cache per core; L2 cache: 256KB per core; L3 cache: 8MB shared; 130W TDP.Test system specs: Motherboard: Asus Rampage II Extreme; Memory: 6GB Corsair DDR3-1600; Graphics: Zotac GeForce GTX 260 Core 216; HDD: 300GB WD VelociRaptor

Intel has held the performance crown for more than three years—ever since the launch of its Core 2 microarchitecture. It goes without saying that the company doesn’t need to introduce a new flagship just to one-up itself. And yet Intel is yanking the cover from a fresh Core i7 CPU: the 975 Extreme.

Although it runs a scant 133MHz faster than its predecessor, we’re hardly able to complain, as this processor costs just as much as the one it replaces. As with the 965 Extreme, Intel’s latest iteration boasts four cores armed with Hyper-Threading. Its QuickPath Interconnect operates at 6.4 GT/s. And the processor’s triple-channel integrated memory controller supports up to DDR3-1066 speeds (officially). Of course, most motherboards expose additional multipliers to push RAM significantly faster, and we were able to get our test platform cruising at DDR3-2133 as part of our overclocking gauntlet. The processor itself topped out at 4.12GHz via a 31X multiplier, standard 133MHz BCLK, and 1.38V.

Performance using those overclocked settings is naturally unrivaled. Even at stock settings, however, our benchmark results are impressive. As we’d expect given Core i7’s established track record in A/V software, DivX and Xvid encoding is lightning-fast. And because WinRAR is optimized to take advantage of threading, it’s able to compress our test archive using all eight of Core i7’s logical cores.

At the end of the day, we appreciate a 3.33GHz processor at the same price as Intel’s former flagship. But at $999, “value” is most definitely a relative term. The 2.66GHz Core i7-920 is still an undeniable favorite. After all, most of the samples we’ve seen are good for 4GHz, so long as you’re willing to overclock. Without question, that’s the route we’d take in building a brand new Core i7-based machine

Paul Cross, ComputerPowerUser

You should either shut it down or hibernate it at the end of every workday. Hibernating the computer won’t refresh Windows the way a full boot does, but it’s faster and lets you start the day exactly where you left off. From the hardware’s point of view (and I suspect you’ve got a hardware problem), there’s no difference between shutting down and hibernating a PC.

Lincoln Spector, PCWorld